1、開口樓承板

1. Opening floor support plate

80年代末，一些歐美的板型開始進(jìn)入大陸，這個(gè)當(dāng)口是深圳的建設(shè)，如賽格廣場(chǎng)、地王大廈等等，均采用美國(guó)的2W、3W等板型，即后來的YXB51-305-915開口壓型鋼板、YXB76-305-915開口壓型鋼板，這些事參考了美國(guó)的鋼承板設(shè)計(jì)及加工標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，產(chǎn)品的成品也是進(jìn)口而來，對(duì)于當(dāng)時(shí)的建筑界來說也算個(gè)新鮮事物。

In the late 1980s, some plate types from Europe and the United States began to enter the Chinese Mainland. At this time, the construction of Shenzhen, such as SEG Plaza, Diwang Building, etc., all used American 2W, 3W and other plate types, namely later YXB51-305-915 open profiled steel plate, YXB76-305-915 open profiled steel plate. These things referred to the American steel bearing plate design and processing standards, and the finished products were also imported, For the Chinese construction industry at that time, it was also considered a novelty.

2、閉口樓承板

2. Closed floor support plate

考慮到一代樓承板存在問題，工程師改進(jìn)了普通鋼樓承板，在鍍鋅鋼板上增加剪力槽，通過混凝土的握裹作用，形成兩者的共同作用。由板肋提供豎向剛度，通過板肋形狀 與抗剪槽提供水平抗剪承載力，建議保證樓承板與混凝土緊密連接，通過調(diào)整厚度以調(diào)整樓承板剛度，使壓型鋼板在使用過程中參與樓板的受力，代替下部受力鋼 筋，從而節(jié)省了混凝土中鋼筋的用量。這種組合壓型鋼板有特殊齒槽或壓痕，提高了與混凝土的粘結(jié)力，可代替部分板底受力鋼筋，一定程度上節(jié)省了工期及勞動(dòng)力成本。閉口板，目前仍被大量采用，并且已被規(guī)范和圖集所采納，而且也被眾多設(shè)計(jì)師所推崇。

Considering the problems with the first generation of floor support plates, engineers have improved ordinary steel floor support plates by adding shear grooves on galvanized steel plates, forming a joint effect between the two through the gripping effect of concrete. The vertical stiffness is provided by the ribs, and the horizontal shear bearing capacity is provided by the shape of the ribs and the shear groove. It is necessary to ensure that the floor support plate is tightly connected to the concrete. The stiffness of the floor support plate is adjusted by adjusting the thickness, so that the profiled steel plate participates in the stress of the floor during use, replacing the lower load-bearing steel bars, thereby saving the amount of steel bars in the concrete. This combination of profiled steel plates has special grooves or indentations, which improves the bonding force with concrete and can replace some load-bearing steel bars at the bottom of the plate, saving construction period and labor costs to a certain extent. The closed panel is still widely used and has been adopted by standards and atlases, and is also highly praised by many designers.

3、鋼筋桁架樓承板

3. Steel truss floor support plate

為解決代與第二代鋼承板存在的諸多缺點(diǎn)，工程師開發(fā)出第三代鋼筋桁架樓承板。鋼筋桁架樓承板屬于第三代鋼結(jié)構(gòu)配套樓承板，其構(gòu)造與普通的非組合壓型鋼板及組合壓型鋼板的板型有較大區(qū)別，是將混凝土樓板中的受力鋼筋在工廠中加工成鋼筋桁架，然后再與壓型鋼板電阻點(diǎn)焊為一體的鋼樓承板產(chǎn)品。鋼筋桁架采用高頻電阻點(diǎn)焊組合，形成結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定的三角桁架，底部壓型鋼板板肋只有2毫米，幾乎等于平板。

To address the many shortcomings of the first and second generation steel bearing plates, engineers have developed the third generation steel truss floor bearing plates. The steel bar truss floor support plate belongs to the third generation of steel structure supporting floor support plate. Its structure is significantly different from the plate type of ordinary non composite profiled steel plates and composite profiled steel plates. It is a steel floor support plate product that processes the load-bearing steel bars in the concrete floor slab into a steel bar truss in the factory, and then integrates it with the electrical resistance spot welding of the profiled steel plates. The steel bar truss adopts high-frequency resistance spot welding combination to form a structurally stable triangular truss. The bottom profiled steel plate rib is only 2mm, almost equal to a flat plate.

作為新一代鋼樓承板，其受力模式更為合理，不再單純依靠鋼板提供施工階段強(qiáng)度及剛度。其施工階段強(qiáng)度和剛度由受力更為合理的鋼筋桁架提供。在使用階段，由鋼筋桁架和混凝土 一起共同工作。鍍鋅底板僅作施工階段模板作用，不考慮結(jié)構(gòu)受力，但在正常的使用情況下，鋼板的存在增加了樓板的剛度，改善了樓板下部混凝土的受力性能。

As a new generation of steel floor support plates, their stress mode is more reasonable, and they no longer rely solely on steel plates to provide strength and stiffness during construction. The strength and stiffness during the construction phase are provided by a steel truss with more reasonable stress. During the usage phase, the steel truss and concrete work together. The galvanized bottom plate is only used as a template during the construction phase, without considering the structural stress. However, under normal usage, the presence of steel plates increases the stiffness of the floor slab and improves the stress performance of the concrete below the floor slab.